Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates adrenal function?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in stimulating adrenal function. Specifically, ACTH targets the adrenal cortex, prompting it to produce and release glucocorticoids such as cortisol. This process is part of the body's response to stress and helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and blood pressure.

The secretion of ACTH is regulated by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus, which is triggered by stress and circadian rhythms. When ACTH is released into the bloodstream, it binds to receptors on adrenal cortex cells, leading to increased synthesis and secretion of cortisol. This interaction is vital for maintaining homeostasis and responding appropriately to stressors.

Other hormones listed do not have this stimulatory effect on adrenal function. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) primarily affects the thyroid gland, luteinizing hormone (LH) is involved in reproductive processes, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) also plays a role in reproductive function. Thus, ACTH is the specific hormone linked directly to enhancing adrenal gland activity.